• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The fabric of the invention is a flame retardant fabric for use in fire resistant upholstery fabrics and personal protective apparel that provides a high level of comfort and protection from flames and other heat sources, such as electric arcs and liquid metal splashes, characterized in that it is made from a yarn which is an intimate blend of flame retardant cellulosic fibers with flame retardant polyamide fibers.
    公开号:AT514469A1
    申请号:T242013
    申请日:2013-01-11
    公开日:2015-01-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Flame retardant textile fabric for protective clothing and upholstery fabrics applications and its use
    Field of the invention
    A novel fire-retardant fabric was invented utilizing the characteristics of known flame retardant cellulosic fibers in combination with new flame retardant polyamide fibers to provide a fabric having superior flame retardancy, surprising physical properties, and improved user comfort over other flame retardant fabrics.
    For " low flammability " it is a property of a material, for example a fiber or a textile fabric, which does not burn in a normal air atmosphere. If it comes into contact with a flame, it will not support combustion when the flame is removed. &Quot; & quot flammability; should not be used with " flame retardant " a term used to describe a chemical substance that confers flame retardancy to a fabric. Flame retardant is also used to describe fabrics that have a reduced burn rate but may not provide protection against flames to users. For the purposes of this invention, the abbreviation " FR " &Quot; flame retardant " or " low flammability ".
    It is well known that flame retardant fabrics, especially those made from flame retardant fibers, can be used to provide protection against contact with flames. It is common practice for firefighters to wear garments that protect the user from the flames in a hazardous situation. The garment is intended to prevent direct contact of the clothed user's skin with flames and thereby reduce the risk of suffering from burn injuries. 1
    Other occupational groups that require protection from flame include police and security personnel, military personnel, and gas and petroleum workers.
    Protective clothing for protection against liquid metal splashes is used by welders and workers in the metal industry. In the metal industry, large amounts of energy are used to melt metal and create electric arcs. Therefore, protective clothing is required to provide protection against liquid splashes of metal and electric arcs. Staff of
    Electric utilities working on high-voltage equipment can be exposed to small metal splashes if electric arcs are accidentally generated.
    It is highly desirable that fabrics used in these applications provide good wearer comfort, have good physical properties, and are aesthetically-colorful in appearance, style, and haptics-suitable for the job.
    Workers using personal protective clothing typically operate in stressful environments, with a heavy workload resulting in a high consumption of physiological energy. This physiological stress leads to the generation of body heat and moisture within the garment. It is highly desirable that textile fabrics used to make the garments should be able to dissipate body heat and moisture to prevent overheating (heat stress) of the user's body. Textile fabrics that allow body heat and moisture to escape provide garments which feel more comfortable to wear and which also extend the working life that can be achieved without exceeding physiological stress levels.
    It is well known that cellulosic fibers can offer better comfort compared to synthetic fibers. This results from the fact that
    Cellulose fibers are hydrophilic and absorb moisture vapor and liquid water. The regulation of the movement and distribution of water in the fabric is a property inherent in a cellulosic fiber.
    For the intended applications, textile fabrics should remain unaffected by all the activities to which they are subjected. That is, they must have high tear resistance, high abrasion resistance and good tensile strength.
    Textile fabrics also need to maintain their appearance over an extended period of use and care. Therefore, textile fabrics must be washable and have good wash resistance, low shrinkage, good pilling behavior and good color fastness to washing and exposure to light. Often, companies that provide workers with personal protective clothing require the clothing to match the company's colors. There are also many instances where the color of a garment is relevant to its function, such as black for the riot police or signal yellow, orange or green for firefighters and industrial workers. Therefore, it is highly desirable that fabrics used for these applications be readily colored in a variety of colors and provide good fastness performance.
    This invention is a flame retardant fabric suitable for use in flame retardant upholstery fabrics and garments intended to protect workers in the metal industry and utility companies from unintentional contact with flame, liquid metal and electric arcs. The fabric results in garments that are comfortable to wear, a minimal impact on the physiological
    Having performance of the carrier and have excellent physical properties. .
    State of the art
    Textile materials are very different in terms of their ability
    Withstand flames and thus protect underlying materials.
    Most fabrics, made from natural fibers and synthetic fibers, burn when exposed to flames. The burning rate and ignitability are determined primarily by the chemical nature of the polymer from which the fiber is made and the construction of the fabric. Many polymers, for example cellulose, polyester and nylon, are highly flammable. The burning speed is the lower, the heavier a textile fabric is. Wool is the most widely used natural fiber, which to some extent has low flammability properties - heavy wool fabrics do not burn easily and have been used in firefighter clothing in the past.
    Textile fabrics for protection against liquid metal splashes, which are used in the metal industry, inter alia for welding applications, are often very heavy and stiff. The weight of the fabrics is in the range of 330 to 600g / m2. They are made of materials such as the treatment of flame-retardant cotton.
    Textile fabrics can be treated by applying a suitable chemical to the fabric to make it flame resistant. The first fabrics rendered flame resistant by treatment used inorganic salts such as aluminum hydroxide, antimony trioxide and borates to make cotton fabrics difficult to flame. These were effective, but not wash-permanent.
    Organic phosphorus-containing compounds that are reacted by either grafting or crosslinking on the cotton are more durable and widely used. Two of the leading brand names are Proban® and Pyrovatex®. Although these equipments are durable, they can be removed by aggressive chemical treatments, and the amount of equipment decreases with an increasing number of wash cycles. The equipment has a detrimental stiffening effect on the fabric. Textile fabrics of this type are used to protect against flames, liquid metal splashes and electric arcs. On contact with flames, liquid metal or electric arcs, fabrics of this type do not burn, but become highly brittle and may break, thereby exposing the wearer's skin to the source of danger.
    The protective properties of textile fabrics against liquid iron splashes are classified by means of a three-stage system: E1 denotes the lowest resistance, while E3 stands for the highest resistance to molten iron. For an E3 sheet, a minimum weight of 450g / m2 of cotton made difficult to treat by treatment is required. Conventional flame retardant cotton fabrics having a fabric weight of 290 g / m 2 have only E1 performance characteristics.
    The first flame retardant man-made fibers that were produced were made by the viscose process. A high viscosity, liquid, flame retardant additive was dispersed in the spinning solution prior to extrusion of the fiber. The liquid was trapped in the cellulose by physical means in the form of very small bubbles. The result was effective as a flame resistant fiber, but the additive could be removed by repeated washing. The strength of the fiber decreases in proportion to the amount of incorporated additive.
    Due to safety concerns, the additive was removed from the market and the production of the fiber stopped.
    An improved fire resistant viscose fiber can be made by means of a solid pigment flame retardant. A fiber of this type is termed " FR viscose " designated. The pigment is finely ground and mixed with the spinning solution prior to extrusion of the fiber. The result is a dispersion of the insoluble particulate additive in the fiber. The strength of the fiber decreases in proportion to the amount of incorporated additive. All the cellulose in the fiber contains some of the additive and the additive can not be removed by washing or normal fabric dyeing or pulping processes. Thus, the result of the process is an inherently flame retardant fiber. A well known fiber of this type is Visil®, which contains silica pigment flame retardants.
    A further improvement can be achieved by incorporating the solid pigment flame retardant into the spinning solution which is used to make modal fibers. The modal process is a modified viscose process which is designed to produce a fiber with a higher strength and a higher wet modulus than normal viscose. The resulting fiber containing the flame retardant pigment is inherently flame retardant. It is stronger than fibers made by the viscose process and gives fabrics with higher strength and better stability. Fibers of this type are referred to as " FR Modal " for the purposes of this invention. It should be noted, however, that the properties of the fiber do not meet the definition of the BISFA (International Office for Standardization of Viscose and Synthetic Fibers) for a modal fiber. Proven flame retardant pigments for this type of fiber are organic phosphorus compounds and a preferred pigment is Exolit® (2-oxybis [5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane] 2,2'-disulfide). FR-Modal is used in 100% form in only a few applications in the clothing sector, for example for metallised textile
    Sheets or fabrics which are blends of two or more yarns. By itself, its performance is inadequate in many ways compared to other products.
    In the same way Lyocell fibers can be made flame retardant. Due to the different production conditions, different pigments are usually suitable. Fibers of this type are called " Lyocell FR " designated.
    An alternative approach to making a FR fiber is to modify the polymer from which the fiber is made such that it is inherently flame retardant but can still be formed into a fiber. There are numerous examples of such fibers, but the most important are meta-aramid, para-aramid, polybenzimidazole (PBI), FR-polyester and modacrylic used in personal protective apparel.
    Flame retardant fibers can often be used alone to produce well-functioning fabrics. They can also be used in mixtures with each other and with non-flame resistant fibers to produce fabrics. Such composite textile sheets may have properties that are a combination of the properties of the fibers forming them.
    Many flame retardant fabrics are available on the market. The most common ones for personal protective clothing are (mixing ratios are given in mass percentage (w / w)): flame retardant 100% cotton; Flame retardant blend of cotton and polyamide (typ 85/15); flame retardant blend of cotton and polyamide (type 50/50); Blend of modacrylic and cotton (typ. 55/45), blend of modacrylic, cotton and aramid (typ. 25/25/50); Mixture of modacyl, lyocell and aramid (typ 25/25/50); 100% meta-aramid; Mixture of meta-aramid and para-aramid (typ 80/20); Mixture of meta-aramid, para
    Aramid and antistatic agent (typ. 93/5/2); Mixture of meta-aramid and FR-modal (typ. 70/30); Mixture of meta-aramid and FR-modal (type 50/50); Mixture of meta-aramid and FR-modal (typ. 35/65).
    Each of these fabrics has its merits and deficiencies, as shown in Table 2 (see Example 2). The fabric selection process used by apparel manufacturers and developers is based on an overall performance assessment and the required level of protection based on risk analysis. None of the fabrics meets all of the criteria listed in Table 2 for an ideal fabric.
    In a presentation presented by Klaus Bender, Gunther Schäch, Sergio Rosa and Rene Sigrist of EMS-CHEMIE AG at the Manmade Fiber Congress in Dornbirn in 2012, nonwoven blends containing NEXYLQN® FR, a flame retardant polyamide fiber, were evaluated and presented ,
    Treated flame-resistant cotton and cotton blend fabrics exhibit poor to medium performance, mediocre comfort, relatively ease of processing, and are most affordable. Modacrylic compounds show mediocre performance, but poor comfort and cost more. Aramid fabrics exhibit good performance and washability, but are inconvenient and expensive. None of the currently available fabrics are rated good in the context of metal spatters or electric arcs. With regard to break-up behavior, only the sheet of meta-aramid and FR-modal is rated as good.
    Adding FR-Modal to an aramid fabric improves overall performance and reduces costs.
    Each of the currently available fabrics has shortcomings in one or more respects. Not a single fabric offers good overall performance properties
    Protection, comfort, workability and care at reasonable costs. This is the object of the invention.
    task
    The object of this invention is to produce a textile fabric for use in hard-to-disperse upholstery fabrics and personal protective clothing which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art described above. It should provide excellent user safety performance, particularly with regard to protection against metal splashes, electric arcs and break-up behavior. It should also be less expensive and have better comfort and aesthetics than current products, to ensure that garments made therefrom meet all performance requirements for the intended uses.
    Currently available on the market offer good protection for the user, but are expensive, which is why they are used only to a limited extent. They are at least in part made of fibers that offer only poor comfort and aesthetics, and may be difficult to produce due to poor dyeability. Currently used fabrics, especially for the liquid metal industry, are stiff and heavy (fabric weight ranges from 330 to 600 g / m 2). For utility companies, isolation against electric arcs and improved break-up after contact with electric arcs are important safety criteria. There has been a need for a fabric which offers: • protection o inherently flame retardant throughout the life of the product o textile fabrics providing maximum protection against liquid metal splashes o improved break-up upon contact with electrical arcs o good breakaway behavior upon contact with flames o feels cool immediately after contact with flames o very good insulation against heat and flames • Mechanical properties and durability: o suitable tear resistance o low pilling o excellent abrasion properties • Physiological performance: o good thermal properties for more efficient user cooling o improved physiological performance of the user • Comfort: o strong and rapid absorption of moisture o good short-term water absorption capacity o cool feel • processability o textile fabric can be piece-dyed o wide variety of viable colors incl signal colors o textile fabric can be printed using vat dyeing or reactive dyeing systems • wash behavior o wash stable o low level of shrinkage due to washing • environment / sustainability o fibers according to ÖKOTEX Standard 100 o highly sustainable fibers
    description
    The product of the invention is a flame retardant fabric for use in flame retardant upholstery fabrics of personal protective apparel that provides a high degree of protection from flame and other heat sources, for example from liquid metal splashes or electric arcs, wherein the fabric is made from a yarn, which is an intimate blend of flame retardant cellulosic fibers with flame retardant polyamide fibers.
    The mixing ratio of the yarn is preferably: 50 to 90% flame retardant cellulose fibers, 50 to 10% flame retardant polyamide fibers.
    It is surprising that a fabric with this fiber composition enables such excellent performance. In general, those skilled in the art believe that the higher the aramid fiber content, the better flame retardancy a fabric will have and the better it will provide protection. The fabric of the invention contains a high percentage of flame retardant cellulosic fiber, and its performance is still better than currently available fabrics made using a high percentage of aramid fibers.
    Antistatic properties of the fabric can be achieved by adding 1 to 5% antistatic staple fiber to the blend or by providing an antistatic mesh by incorporating yarns into the fabric comprised of the base yarn twisted with continuous filament, antistatic filament yarns. All fibers used in the blend can be spun-dyed fibers.
    The flame retardant cellulosic fiber of the yarn is a cellulosic fiber made flame retardant by the addition of a flame retardant during or after fiber manufacture.
    The flame retardant cellulose fibers of the yarn are selected from the group consisting of FR-Modal, FR-Viscose and FR-Lyocell. In particular, the flame retardant cellulosic fibers of the yarn are FR modal fibers. Fibers can be spun dyed or dyed in the flake, in the warp, in the yarn or in the fabric.
    The flame retardant polyamide fibers are selected from the group consisting of polyamide 6 and polyamide 6.6; preferred is a high strength flame retardant polyamide 6.6 fiber. Fibers can be spun dyed or dyed as a staple fiber in the flake or dyed in a sliver.
    In particular, the product of the invention is a fabric consisting of a yarn which is a blend of FR-Modal and a high strength, flame retardant polyamide 6.6. The textile fabric can be woven or knitted. Surprisingly, it has been found that some of the flame retardant cellulosic fibers in the fabric can be replaced by cotton fibers made difficult to flame by treatment, the flame retardant being applied by fiber phase graft polymerisation technology. This technology allows very durable
    Skullproofing properties of treated cotton. Such a technology was developed and available from Kurabo. Up to about 50% of the flame retardant cellulosic fiber component in the fabric can be made from such " flame retardant grafted cotton " be maintained, with a good and lasting flame retardant performance is maintained. Accordingly, one embodiment of the invention is a fabric wherein 0 to 50% of the flame retardant cellulosic fibers are fibers of flame retardant grafted cotton.
    The woven fabric has warp and weft of the yarn of the present invention.
    The fabric has excellent flammability and protection properties. It does not burn, it does not crack on contact with a flame, and it still provides a barrier to flame. Further, the fabric provides a high level of protection against liquid iron, copper, magnesium, lead, even at a low fabric weight. Brass, zinc and aluminum (" metal splash ") as well as excellent protection against electrical arcs.
    Each of the fibers in a mixture can be spun dyed. This results in a textile fabric with very high color fastness. So far, only very expensive aramids were available as spun-dyed fibers.
    The excellent flammability and protection properties of the fabric of the invention were so far only with significantly heavier, far more expensive fabrics such as PBI, 100% aramid or Lenzing / '·· FR / meta-aramid and heavy Modacryl or made by treatment flame retardant cotton blends and Fibers on an inorganic basis possible.
    All this is achieved with a fabric which has a better protective function and lower production costs than other fabrics having similar performance, and the fabric is far more comfortable due to the high content of cellulosic fibers.
    The yarn is made from staple fibers by spinning the yarn by conventional methods such as ring spinning, open end spinning, vortex spinning, worsted spinning, half worsted yarn spinning or any of the variations thereof used in the yarn spinning industry. The staple length of the fibers for the primary yarn may be from 35 mm to 160 mm. The staple length must be suitable for the selected spinning system.
    The use of fibers with a staple length of between 75 and 90 mm provides high durability even with light weight fabrics having low pilling and high strength, tear strength and abrasion resistance. At the same time, the yarns according to the invention and also the textile fabrics produced from these yarns have a smoother, less hairy appearance.
    The linear density (= titer) of the fibers and filaments used in the fabric is chosen to be suitable for the intended use. In general, it is in the range commonly used for such textile applications. The linear density depends on the yarn spinning system used for the yarn. During the preparatory processes prior to spinning, FR-modal fiber and flame retardant polyamide fibers are mixed together in the required ratios. The yarn of the present invention is an intimate blend of the two fibers with each of the fibers well dispersed throughout the final yarn. This mixing may occur during the opening of the fibers, during carding, or during warping of the sliver.
    The mixing ratio of the yarn according to the invention in a particularly preferred embodiment is 70% FR modal and 30% flame retardant polyamide 6.6 fibers.
    Antistatic properties of the fabric may be added by Flinzumian's from 1 to 5% antistatic fiber or by forming an antistatic lattice in the fabric by means of yarns made by twisting the base yarn (according to the invention) with continuous filament, antistatic yarns.
    Optionally, the percentage of para-aramid fiber in the yarn can be up to 30%, but the cost of the fabric increases with increasing para-aramid content, with no noticeable increase in performance over current standards. One or more of the individual fiber components in the fabric are spun-dyed, dyed or dyed in the worsted yarn, or dyed in the yarn or fabric. The high temperature resistant polymer fibers can either be spun dyed or dyed in a fluff or worsted state. By using 100% spun-dyed fibers, the color fastness of the fabric is improved, while at the same time cost savings can be achieved in the dyeing of textile fabrics.
    The fabric weight, construction and weave of the woven fabric are chosen to provide a fabric with the style and characteristics required for the intended use. For example, the construction of the fabric may be a plain weave, a twill weave, a hopsack tie, a satin weave, a sateen weave, or any other weave suitable for a protective apparel application. For knits, a right-left ware, pique or any other suitable fabric construction is possible. The fabric may be a light plain weave (i.e., having a basis weight of 100 to 150 g / m 2) for shirt applications. It may be a midweight twill weave (i.e., 150 to 230 g / m 2 basis weight) for pants. It can also be a heavy twill weave (i.e., having a basis weight of 230 to 450 gsm) for jackets and other types of outerwear. For use with upholstery fabrics, the basis weight is usually at least 350 g / m2. The basic principle of the invention can be incorporated into a wide variety of fabrics. It will work regardless of binding or construction, provided that the right yarn blends and arrangements are used. Only exceptionally lightweight fabrics (less than 100 g / m 2) would not have the advantages of the invention.
    The fabric of the invention can also be made by a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process. Clearly, yarn is not required for a nonwoven fabric process, but all that has been said above about the nature, properties, and treatment of the yarn fibers, as well as the blending ratios, also applies to the composition of such nonwoven fabrics. The fiber components are mixed together and processed into a nonwoven fabric without first spinning a yarn. An example of such a fabric is a needled felt in which the individual fiber components are blended together in a blender and then carded, cross-lapped and needled to form a fabric. Such a fabric is useful, for example, as insulative lining in a garment or could be used to make simple garments such as aprons.
    Application of the invention
    The product of this invention is intended to be used as upholstery fabric for seating in public transportation such as seats of airplanes, trains, cruise liners, buses and passenger cars or as one of the essential components of personal protection garments in situations where there is a risk of contact with flames , electric arcs or liquid metal splashes is to be used. The fabric is used to make garments that cover the user's body to protect the skin from contact with flames or other heat sources such as metal splashes and electric arcs that would cause injury.
    Garments are usually made by assembling cut sheet form pieces by stitching them together. The product of this invention may be the only fabric used to make a garment, or it may be a component of a garment; the other components being textile fabrics of a different design and purpose. It may also be combined by lamination with other fabrics before the garments are cut to make the garment.
    The product of this invention can be used as a sheet of fabric on the inside of a garment. It may be used as a layer on the outside of a garment, or it may be used as an inner component between two or more other fabrics. It can also be used to form more than one layer in the garment. For example, it could be used as the inner layer of the garment and as the outer layer of the garment, with a third layer of flame resistant insert between the inner and outer layers. The product of this invention may also be used in the form of a laminate of the fabric of the invention wherein layers of other materials are laminated together with the fabric. For example, the textile fabric can serve as a carrier of a coating. j
    The fabric of the invention can be used to make all types of garments where flame protection is a primary purpose. It can be used for jackets, coats, trousers, shirts, polo shirts, pullovers and vests, sweatshirts, t-shirts, socks, aprons, gloves and gauntlets, hoods for headgear, for other headgear and for any other garments intended for the purpose of Protecting the wearer from flames and similar hazards can be worn. The fabric may also be used in other articles designed to protect persons and property from contact with flames, for example, in shoe and boot components, welding shields, fire curtains, tents, sleeping bags, tarpaulins, and any other similar items used in the art Wholly or partly made of textile fabrics.
    Colored textile fabrics for the intended applications are preferably realized by using spun-dyed fibers, by piece dyeing or by printing, but in general all dyeing processes are applicable. A major advantage of the fabrics of this invention compared to fabrics made from a blend of FR-Modal and flame-retardant polyester is the good dyeability in each phase of the textile warp to the paint-through.
    example 1
    A twill-weave fabric was woven from the following components: • Yarn: a worsted yarn (Nm 45/2) containing 70% of the 3.3 dtex Lenzing FR® (1/3 with a staple length of 75 mm and 2 / 3 with a staple length of 90 mm), 30% of the fibers were high strength flame retardant PA6.6 (Nexylon® FR) fibers. Lenzing FR® is a low-flammability modal fiber available from Lenzing AG in Austria, which is produced according to a modal process (see AT-A 1371/2009) and contains Exolit® as an incorporated flame retardant pigment. Nexylon® FR is available from the Swiss EMS-Chemie, manufactured in accordance with a polyamide manufacturing process and contains Exolit® as an incorporated flame retardant pigment. The two fiber components were mixed together during the preliminary processing of warping the slivers.
    The warp count of the fabric was 30 yarns per cm. The weft count was 26 threads per cm.
    The resulting fabric had a basis weight of 260 g / m 2.
    Protection against flames:
    The resulting fabric could not be ignited in normal atmospheric conditions. Upon contact with flames directed at the surface of the fabric, the fabric charred but retained its structure and continued to serve as a barrier to flame. No holes were created in the textile fabric. The fabric remained soft and flexible without any breakage upon contact with flames according to EN ISO 15025, Method A (surface ignition). For postflame and afterglow of the textile fabric when tested according to EN ISO 15025, method A, 0 seconds occurred in the warp direction and 0 seconds in the weft direction.
    Protective clothing - jackets and pants - was made from the fabric and evaluated as follows. '
    Testing with a sensor-equipped dummy according to ISO 13506.3. Heat and Flame Protective Clothing - Test Method for Full Clothing - Predict the likelihood of burns using a sensor-equipped dummy.
    This test method identifies the characteristics of the heat protection provided by the garment, which is measured by measuring the heat transfer to a life-size dummy exposed to a laboratory-simulated fire with controlled heat flow density, duration and flame spread. The heat transfer readings can also be used to calculate the likely skin burns that result from contact. Garments made from the fabric of the invention were compared to garments made from a 100% aramid fabric.
    The garment made from the fabric of the invention had fewer burns compared to 100% aramid garments. Surprisingly, during the flame contact there was no shrinkage of the textile fabric of the invention. On the contrary: some parts of the garment got bigger. The 100% aramid garment showed significant shrinkage due to the action of flame.
    In the visual assessment of the garments tested, it can clearly be seen that upon flame contact, the garment made from the fabric of the invention provides an additional protective pad.
    Protection against metal splashes:
    The fabric of the invention has been tested according to ISO 9185 and classified according to EN ISO 11612. Despite its relatively low product weight of 260 g / m2, the result was excellent for both aluminum and liquid iron splats.
    This test assesses the ability of the fabric to withstand a certain amount of liquid metal as well as the way the metal interacts with the fabric. The best performing materials retain their structure and the metal does not adhere to the surface. Damage caused to the fabric is minimized.
    Protection against electrical arcs:
    The fabric of the invention has been tested in accordance with EN ISO IEC 61482 1-2, 4kA and 7kA. The fabric passed the required Stoll criteria for 4kA with excellent values and exhibited no breakage of the fabric in a single layer in 7kA tests.
    The Stoll curve is a curve of heat energy and time, which is generated from data on the compatibility of human tissue against heat and is used to predict the onset of second degree burns (cited from EN ISO IEC 61482 1-2).
    Check for mechanical properties:
    The results of the ISO 13937-2 buffing test compared to some of the other products currently used in personal protective clothing were as shown in Table 1 below:
    Table 1 - Results Performance Textiles
    The fabric of the invention has higher tear strength compared to most of the other materials available on the market.
    Check for comfort: results according to Table 1
    Alambeta - Heat penetration coefficient:
    The textile fabric was tested for its comfort properties. The Alambeta test measures the rate of transfer of body heat through the fabric. Textile fabrics with a high heat penetration coefficient feel cooler, which increases their wearing comfort. Referring to the results of Table 1, the fabric of the invention has the highest heat penetration coefficient, giving the coolest sheet feel.
    Short-time water vapor absorption Fi:
    The fabric was tested for short term water vapor uptake (Fi) according to EN ISO 31092 using the human skin modeling device. A high water vapor absorption capacity indicates that the fabric is able to provide positive management of the moisture in its environment. This helps to keep the body dry and cool. Referring to the results of Table 1, the fabric of the invention exhibits the highest short term water vapor pickup, resulting in the best wearing comfort. This can help to avoid the risk of heat stress and heat stroke, and improves the physiological performance of the wearer.
    Check for color fastness:
    Due to the use of 100% spun-dyed fibers or high quality dyeing processes, high color fastness can be achieved because colors never wash or wear out.
    The fabric of Example 1 according to the invention was subjectively evaluated and compared to commercially available fabrics used for personal protective apparel. The results are shown in the last column of Table 2. In this table, a scoring system from 1 to 3 is used: 1 = bad, 3 = excellent.
    For each parameter evaluated, the fabric of Example 1 received the highest possible score. No other rated fabric achieved the same high level in the rating.
    Example 2
    A twill weave fabric was woven from the following components: Yarn: A worsted yarn (Nm 45/2) in which 40% of the fibers were 40 mm Lenzing FR® at 1.7 dtex, 40% cotton fibers made flame resistant by treatment (in Fiber stage, Kurabo's flame retardant treatment was used by graft polymerization technology) and 20% high strength, flame retardant PA6.6 (Nexylon® FR) fibers. The three fiber components were mixed together at the fiber stage.
    The warp count of the fabric was 33 threads per cm. The weft count was 27 threads per cm.
    The resulting fabric had a basis weight of 265 g / m 2.
    Table 2 - Properties of common textile fabrics for personal protective clothing in comparison with Example 1
    5 MAC = modacrylic
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A flame retardant fabric for use in fire resistant upholstery fabrics or personal protective clothing which provides a high level of protection against flame and other heat sources, for example liquid metal splashes and electrical arcs, characterized in that it consists of an intimate mixture of flame retardant cellulose fibers made with flame retardant polyamide fibers.
    [2]
    2. A fabric according to claim 1, wherein the intimate mixture is in the form of a yarn.
    [3]
    3. The textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio is preferably - 50 to 90% flame retardant cellulose fibers, - 50 to 10% flame retardant polyamide fibers.
    [4]
    The fabric of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant cellulosic fibers are cellulosic fibers which have been rendered flame retardant by the addition of a flame retardant during or after fiber production.
    [5]
    The fabric of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant cellulosic fibers are selected from the group consisting of FR modal, FR viscose and FR lyocell.
    [6]
    The fabric of claim 1, wherein the flame retardant cellulosic fibers are FR modal fibers.
    [7]
    The fabric of claim 1, wherein 0 to 50% of the flame retardant cellulosic fibers are flame retardant grafted cotton fibers.
    [8]
    The fabric of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant cellulosic fibers 1 are a blend of various flame retardant cellulosic fibers selected from the group consisting of FR modal, FR viscose, FR lyocell and flame retardant grafted cotton.
    [9]
    The fabric of claim 1, wherein the flame retardant polyamide fibers are selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 and polyamide 6.6.
    [10]
    The fabric of claim 1 which has been rendered antistatic by addition of from 1% to 5% of an antistatic staple fiber to the blend.
    [11]
    A fabric according to claim 1, which has been rendered antistatic by incorporating a grid pattern of yarns consisting of the ground yarn twisted with continuous filament antistatic filament yarn.
    [12]
    12. A fabric according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the individual Fasefkomponenten was spun dyed (n) or in the flake dyed staple fibers is (are) or dyed in Kammzug, in the yarn or in the fabric is (are).
    [13]
    13. Textile fabric according to claim 1 to 11, which is produced by weaving or knitting.
    [14]
    Use of the fabric of claim 1 as a layer of fabric on the inside of a garment, as a layer on the outside of a garment, as an inner component between two or more other fabrics to provide more than one layer in the garment, as inner layer of the garment and as the outer layer of the garment with a third layer of a flame resistant insert between the inner and outer layers, in the form of a laminate of the fabric of the invention, laminating layers of other materials together with the fabric, in particular as Carrier of a coating.
    [15]
    Use of the fabric of claim 1 for the manufacture of all types of garments selected from the group consisting of jackets, coats, pants, shirts, polo shirts, pullovers and vests, sweatshirts, T-shirts, socks, aprons, gloves and gauntlets, Hoods as headgear, other headgear and any other garments that may be worn for the purpose of protecting the wearer from flames and similar hazards, other articles designed to protect persons and property from exposure to flames, for example, shoe and boot components , Welding shields, fire curtains, tents, sleeping bags, tarpaulins and any other similar articles made wholly or partly of textile fabrics.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2014107750A1|2014-07-17|
    AT514469B1|2015-04-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US6626964B1|1998-04-20|2003-09-30|Clyde C. Lunsford|Flame and shrinkage resistant fabric blends|
    WO2005019512A2|2003-07-28|2005-03-03|E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company|Flame retardant fiber blends comprising flame retardant celluosic fibers and fabrics and garments made therefrom|
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    US20060035555A1|2004-06-22|2006-02-16|Vasanthakumar Narayanan|Durable and fire resistant nonwoven composite fabric based military combat uniform garment|
    AT508846B1|2009-09-17|2012-02-15|Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag|FLUORESCENT FIBERS, THEIR USE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF|
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    WO2011056467A2|2009-10-28|2011-05-12|Invista Technologies S.A.R.L.|Nylon -- cotton fabric having high durability and breathability|
    AT510909B1|2010-12-20|2013-04-15|Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag|FLAME-RESISTANT CELLULOSIC MAN-MADE FIBERS|WO2019101852A1|2017-11-22|2019-05-31|Ten Cate Protect Bv|Method for producing a flame-resistant textile article|
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    法律状态:
    2018-09-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20180111 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA24/2013A|AT514469B1|2013-01-11|2013-01-11|Flame retardant fabric for protective clothing and upholstery fabrics applications and its use|ATA24/2013A| AT514469B1|2013-01-11|2013-01-11|Flame retardant fabric for protective clothing and upholstery fabrics applications and its use|
    PCT/AT2013/000208| WO2014107750A1|2013-01-11|2013-12-20|Flame resistant fabric for protective clothing and upholstery applications and its use|
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